Cellulose nitrate or mixed cellulose ester membrane filters are indicated for many general laboratory applications where a membrane with high non-specific adsorption is suitable. They are hydrophilic, have a high flow rate due to their symmetrical structure and are compatible with aqueous solutions (pH 4 to 8), hydrocarbons and several other organic solvents. Cellulose nitrate membranes are available in a variety of pore sizes from 0.2 μm to 8 μm.
Polyethersulfone (PES) membrane filters are hydrophilic, high flow rates and low non-specific protein adsorptive membranes. These properties make them excellent for filtering aqueous solutions as well as various solvents and pharmaceutical solutions. They are available in pore sizes from 0.1 µm to 0.45 µm and in multiple diameters. They are chemically resistant on a wide pH scale (1-14) and are sterilized by autoclaving.
Regenerated cellulose membranes are very weak adsorption membranes that are also hydrophilic, resistant to solvents (pH 3-12) and therefore suitable for the removal of particles from solvents. The membrane is asymmetrical and reinforced with non-woven cellulose, which makes them very durable. They are available in two pore sizes: 0.45 μm and 0.2 μm and several diameters, facilitating fine filtration for almost any need. These membrane filters are solvent and pH resistant, have a fast flow and are available in the two sizes mentioned above.
Polyamide membrane filters are hydrophilic and chemically resistant to alkaline solutions and organic solvents. They are recommended for the removal of particles from aqueous solutions and solvents for analytical determination such as HPLC. They are also suitable for sterile filtration of these liquids, as well as for applications where a membrane with relatively high non-specific adsorption is acceptable. They are only available in two pore sizes (0.2 μm and 0.45 μm), but with multiple diameters.
PTFE (polytetra-fluoroethylene) membranes are permanently hydrophobic. These filters are applied to filter air, gases or chemicals. Unlike other (hydrophilic) types of filters, they are not wetted by air moisture, which enables the smooth passage of air even at low differential pressures. PTFE membrane filters have excellent chemical compatibility (pH 1 to 14), so they are also used to filter solvents and acids, which other types of filters are not resistant to. Moreover, they can also be used to filter aqueous solutions, but due to their hydrophobic characteristics, they must be pre-moistened with ethanol or methanol before filtering aqueous media solutions.
Polycarbonate membranes (PC-TEM) are uniquely structured and designed for specialized purposes where their properties can be used. These white and hydrophilic polycarbonate membranes are manufactured from high quality polycarbonate film using the latest technology. Membranes are excellent for precision particle retention and analysis. The most common applications of these membranes include particulate matter analysis, but also epifluorescence microscopy, liquid purification, cytology, cell biology, bioassays, water microbiology and environmental analysis due to their excellent optical characteristics.